What is Dot Net Framework?
Here is this topic I tried to cover whole .net framework all its components and some tools that's come under it. Here I have explained CLR (Common Language Runtime) in .NET framework and also covers managed and unmanaged program execution. We will also learn .NET framework provides highly secure and fault-tolerant execution environment.

.NET Framework 3.5
-           This include new features that’s are in  C# 3.0 and VB.NET 9.0 compiler
-            Also have support for expression trees and lambda method.
-            Language Integrated Query (LINQ)
--         LINQ to Objects
--           LINQ to XML
--           LINQ to SQL
-            Also include new feature in ADO.NET that is paging .
-           ADO.NET synchronization API to synchronize local caches and server side datastores
-           Peer-to-peer networking stack, including a managed PNRP resolver[17]
-           Managed wrappers for WMI and Active Directory APIs[18]
-            Enhancements to the WCF and WF runtimes that let WCF work with POX and JSON data, as well as expose WF workflows as WCF services.[19]
-            Support for HTTP pipelining and syndication feeds.[19]
-           ASP.NET AJAX is included

Microsoft visual Studio .NET and .NET Framework provides a solution a variety of programming environment and languages that provides a single point access to all the tool that's we need.

Now turn of .NET framework what is can do what it can do what it do and area that covers under it explain here . The .NET framework provides environment to create object-oriented programming model that's helps us to create all type of application .Here the methods of creating window-based application or we can say window-based components is same as creating XML Web Services is same. When we create a .NET application we create a class that class contains or define the functionality of the application in term of properties event and methods of that class .Also in web application the code that control on web application comes under that class. These classes can take advantage of Object oriented popular feature just like Inheritance, encapsulation and polymorphism. So we can also say that classes are the fundamental for programming in .Net environment .We can also create classes in any of language that supported by .NET another factor is reusable of class whether it is different language. We can inherit classes across languages because .NET framework allows language interoperability and also supports cross-language inheritance.

There is CLS(common language specification) which contains the rules for different language interoperability .The code that is written in CLS-complaint language is interoperable with code contains in cls-complaint different language .The .NET framework provide four CLS-complaint language just like Visual Basic .NET,Micosoft Visual C#,Microsoft Visual C++ .NET and Microsoft J# .NET. When we complies these languages its gernate an intermediate code called (MSIL) which helps program to be interoperable .The .NET framework provides the infrastructure and services per the CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) specification.There are the following services:

*Common Language Runtime:- This contains CLI (common language infrastructure) and provides a environment or we can say provides execution environment .Because all .NET language compiler compile the source code into MSIL code and this code is loads and executes when we run application by CLR.

*Common Type System:-This provides the data type value and object types, which helps in developing application in different language , because all .NET languages share CTS .This means when we take string in Visual Basic it is same in Visual C# and in other .NET languages means there is no superior language all are similar .

*Type Safety:-This means as the name suggest any operation is performed on one value or object is only perform on that value or object not for other.

*Managed Code Execution:-When we loads and execute .NET application and objects state are managed when application is in execution .NET framework automatically allocates memory and provides an automatic garbage collection mechanism.

*Side-By-Side execution:-The .Net framework helps in deployment of multiple versions of same application by using assembly. The CLR uses the version information in the metadata to get application and helps in getting multiple version of an application side-by-side.

After this we are unable to understand about what .NET framework is and define its architecture:-

The .NET framework consists of two main components first we can say .Net Framework class library and the second we can say is Common Language Runtime .The framework class library contains the library that provides the types that are common to all .NET languages. This libraries helps in developing different types of application such as console application, window and the Web Form and also help full in creation of Web Services.

And another component is common language runtime consists of components that loads the IL code of program in to the runtime and soon after this IL code convert into native code, this execute and mange the code and helps in enforcing security and also helps in type safety and provide thread support and some other useful services .The code that is run in common language runtime is called managed code on the other hand that is not run in common language runtime is called unmanaged code .The CLR provides an interoperability layers ,which helps in both managed code and in unmanaged code.

Now we explain various components of CLR that's make them useful component of .Net Framework.

• Class Loader:-its helps CLR to load classes in runtime environment.
• Complier:-its helped in converting MSIL to native code
• Code Manager:-This helps in managing the code during execution
• Garbage Collector:-Its perform automatic memory management.
• Security Engine:-This helps in enforcing security restrictions.
• Type Checker:-It performs type checking.
• Thread Support:-Its helps in doing Multiple threading concepts.
• Exception Manager:- Its provides a method to handle the exception at runtime
• Debug Engine:-Its allowed debug different types of applications
• Com Marshler:- Its allows .Net Application to exchange data with com application.
  

.Net Framework 2.0 Advantages
The .Net Framework (version 2.0) includes 51 assemblies.
The .Net Framework (version 2.0) includes 18,619 types; 12,909 classes; 401,759 public methods; 93,105 public properties and 30,546 public events.
It includes a new feature called Control State. Control state is similar to view state except that is used to preserve only critical information. For example the gridview control uses control state to store the selected row. Even if you disable the viewstate, the gridview control remembers which row is selected.
We can precompile an entire ASP.Net application by using the aspnet_compiler.exe command line tool. If you precompile an application, users do not experience the compilation delay resulting from the first page request.